They were regarded as heretics by the proto-orthodox Early Church Fathers. For instance, Valentinians believed that the Demiurge is merely an ignorant and incompetent creator, trying to fashion the world as good as he can, but lacking the proper power to maintain its goodness. However, not all Gnostic movements regarded the creator of the material universe as inherently evil or malevolent.
SHIGA HIME 10 FULL
In the Archontic, Sethian, and Ophite systems, Yaldabaoth (Yahweh) is regarded as the malevolent Demiurge and false god of the Old Testament who generated the material universe and keeps the souls trapped in physical bodies, imprisoned in the world full of pain and suffering that he created. Gnostic Christians considered the Hebrew God of the Old Testament as the evil, false god and creator of the material universe, and the Unknown God of the Gospel, the father of Jesus Christ and creator of the spiritual world, as the true, good God. Gnostic Christian doctrines rely on a dualistic cosmology that implies the eternal conflict between good and evil, and a conception of the serpent as the liberating savior and bestower of knowledge to humankind opposed to the Demiurge or creator god, identified with the Hebrew God of the Old Testament. In Gnosticism, the biblical serpent in the Garden of Eden was praised and thanked for bringing knowledge ( gnosis) to Adam and Eve and thereby freeing them from the malevolent Demiurge's control. The Gnostics considered the most essential part of the process of salvation to be this personal knowledge, in contrast to faith as an outlook in their worldview along with faith in the ecclesiastical authority. Gnosticism presents a distinction between the highest, unknowable God, and the Demiurge, "creator" of the material universe. In the formation of Christianity, various sectarian groups, labeled "gnostics" by their opponents, emphasised spiritual knowledge ( gnosis) of the divine spark within, over faith ( pistis) in the teachings and traditions of the various communities of Christians. Gnosticism originated in the late 1st century CE in non-rabbinical Jewish and early Christian sects. Ī lion-faced, serpentine deity found on a Gnostic gem in Bernard de Montfaucon's L'antiquité expliquée et représentée en figures may be a depiction of the Demiurge. At the tell of Tepe Gawra, at least seventeen Early Bronze Age Assyrian bronze serpents were recovered. At the Babylonian New Year's festival, the priest was to commission from a woodworker, a metalworker, and a goldsmith two images, one of which "shall hold in its left hand a snake of cedar, raising its right to the god Nabu". In sixth-century Babylon a pair of bronze serpents flanked each of the four doorways of the temple of Esagila. A late Bronze Age Hittite shrine in northern Syria contained a bronze statue of a god holding a serpent in one hand and a staff in the other. In the surrounding region, serpent cult objects figured in other cultures. Before the arrival of the Israelites, snake cults were well established in Canaan in the Bronze Age, for archaeologists have uncovered serpent cult objects in Bronze Age strata at several pre-Israelite cities in Canaan: two at Megiddo, one at Gezer, one in the sanctum sanctorum of the Area H temple at Hazor, and two at Shechem. The Sumerians worshipped a serpent god named Ningishzida.
SHIGA HIME 10 SKIN
Near East Ancient Mesopotamia Īncient Mesopotamians and Semites believed that snakes were immortal because they could infinitely shed their skin and appear forever youthful, appearing in a fresh guise every time.
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